A Department of Transportation (DOT) physical is a mandatory medical examination for commercial motor vehicle (CMV) drivers in the U.S. required by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA). Its purpose is to ensure drivers are physically and mentally fit to operate a CMV safely. Key components include:
- Medical History Review: Assessment of past surgeries, medical conditions, medications, and anything that may impact driving.
- Vision Test: Requires at least 70 degrees field of vision in the horizontal meridian, 20/40 vision in each eye with or without glasses, and the ability to distinguish colors.
- Hearing Test: Able to hear with at least one ear a forced whisper at 5 feet or pass an audiometric test if needed.
- Blood Pressure and Pulse: Blood pressure must be at an acceptable limit.
- Urinalysis: A urine test is needed in order to check for Specific Gravity, protein, blood, and sugar in the urine. These can indicate underlying conditions such as diabetes and need for further testing.
- Physical Examination: Comprehensive check of general health, including heart, lungs, eyes, ears, and anything that may inhibit the capacity of a driver.